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The chemokine and chemokine receptor superfamilies and their molecular evolution
Zlotnik, A., Yoshie, O., Nomiyama, H. (2000) Genome Biology.
ABSTRACT
Tandem gene duplication has taken place independently in the mouse and human lineages of some chemokine families, so care needs to be taken when extrapolating experimental results on chemokines from mouse to human The human chemokine superfamily currently includes at least 46 ligands, which bind to 18 functionally signaling G-protein-coupled receptors and two decoy or scavenger receptors. The chemokine ligands probably comprise one of the first completely known molecular superfamilies. The genomic organization of the chemokine ligand genes and... Show Full Abstract
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Figures From Article (4)
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Figure 1. A simplified diagram of the human chemokine superfamily, arranged by the receptors they bind to. Chemokines are represented by only their ligand number, and the receptor name also indicates whether... Show Full Caption
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Figure 2. Sequence relationship analysis of the human (h) and mouse (m) (a) chemokines and (b) chemokine receptors. Phylogenetic trees were constructed using amino acid sequences with Clustal X and PAUP* (the... Show Full Caption
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Figure 3. Schematic genomic organization of the human and mouse chemokine superfamily. (a) Major-cluster chemokines; (b) mini-cluster chemokines; (c) non-cluster chemokines. Solid arrows indicate chemokine genes and their transcriptional orientation; red, green... Show Full Caption
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Figure 4. Chemokine and chemokine receptor sequences, such as (a) CXCR4, (b) CXCL12 and (c) CXCL8, are highly conserved throughout evolution, from jawless fish to humans. Identical amino acid residues are highlighted... Show Full Caption
Tables From Article (4)
TABLE CAPTION
Table 1. The chemokine superfamily
Human Other names Chromosome Function Cluster Mouse Other names Chromosome Function Cluster Receptor
CXC family
CXCL1 Groα 4q13.3 I GRO Cxcl1* Gro/KC 5qE2 I GRO CXCR2, CXCR1
CXCL2 Groβ 4q13.3 I GRO Cxcl2* MIP-2 5qE2 I GRO CXCR2
CXCL3 Groγ 4q13.3 I GRO Gm1960* Dcip1 5qE2 I GRO CXCR2
CXCL4 PF4 4q13.3 U GRO Cxcl4* PF4 5qE2 U GRO CXCR3B†
CXCL4V1 4q13.3 U GRO
CXCL5 ENA-78 4q13.3 I GRO Cxcl5* LIX 5qE2 I GRO CXCR2
Show Full Table (55 rows)
TABLE CAPTION
Table 1. The chemokine superfamily
Human Other names Chromosome Function Cluster Mouse Other names Chromosome Function Cluster Receptor
CXC family
CXCL1 Groα 4q13.3 I GRO Cxcl1* Gro/KC 5qE2 I GRO CXCR2, CXCR1
CXCL2 Groβ 4q13.3 I GRO Cxcl2* MIP-2 5qE2 I GRO CXCR2
CXCL3 Groγ 4q13.3 I GRO Gm1960* Dcip1 5qE2 I GRO CXCR2
CXCL4 PF4 4q13.3 U GRO Cxcl4* PF4 5qE2 U GRO CXCR3B†
CXCL4V1 4q13.3 U GRO
CXCL5 ENA-78 4q13.3 I GRO Cxcl5* LIX 5qE2 I GRO CXCR2
Show Full Table (55 rows)
TABLE CAPTION
Table 1. The chemokine superfamily
Human Other names Chromosome Function Cluster Mouse Other names Chromosome Function Cluster Receptor
CXC family
CXCL1 Groα 4q13.3 I GRO Cxcl1* Gro/KC 5qE2 I GRO CXCR2, CXCR1
CXCL2 Groβ 4q13.3 I GRO Cxcl2* MIP-2 5qE2 I GRO CXCR2
CXCL3 Groγ 4q13.3 I GRO Gm1960* Dcip1 5qE2 I GRO CXCR2
CXCL4 PF4 4q13.3 U GRO Cxcl4* PF4 5qE2 U GRO CXCR3B†
CXCL4V1 4q13.3 U GRO
CXCL5 ENA-78 4q13.3 I GRO Cxcl5* LIX 5qE2 I GRO CXCR2
Show Full Table (55 rows)
TABLE CAPTION
Table 1. The chemokine superfamily
Human Other names Chromosome Function Cluster Mouse Other names Chromosome Function Cluster Receptor
CXC family
CXCL1 Groα 4q13.3 I GRO Cxcl1* Gro/KC 5qE2 I GRO CXCR2, CXCR1
CXCL2 Groβ 4q13.3 I GRO Cxcl2* MIP-2 5qE2 I GRO CXCR2
CXCL3 Groγ 4q13.3 I GRO Gm1960* Dcip1 5qE2 I GRO CXCR2
CXCL4 PF4 4q13.3 U GRO Cxcl4* PF4 5qE2 U GRO CXCR3B†
CXCL4V1 4q13.3 U GRO
CXCL5 ENA-78 4q13.3 I GRO Cxcl5* LIX 5qE2 I GRO CXCR2
Show Full Table (55 rows)
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